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1. Provide an overview of the process of evolution by natural selection, particularly with regard to the emergence and reproductive characteristics of eukaryotic cells.
Textbook Reference: Diverse Methods of Reproduction Have Evolved, pp. 27–29
2. Explain why scientists argue over the origins and adaptivity of sexual reproduction and outline some of the theoretical positions that have been used to explain its ubiquity across species.
Textbook Reference: Rival Theories Offer Explanations for Sexual Reproduction, 29–33
3. Discuss the major evolutionary issues in the development and maintenance of two sexes in most species. What theoretical issues are raised by the existence of sexless species, and what processes regulate sex ratios in other species?
Textbook Reference: Why Are There Two Sexes? pp. 33–37
4. Provide an overview of mammalian sex determination, as contrasted to that of birds and reptiles.
Textbook Reference: Evolution Has Led to Diverse Methods of Sex Determination, 37–38
5. Explain the mechanics of sexual selection—the pressures that are exerted and the effects that they have on the structure and behavior of animals. Use examples from various species to illustrate your main points.
Textbook Reference: Sexual Selection Produces Anatomical and Behavioral Differences between Males and Females, pp. 38–44
6. Discuss the distinction between apparent and actual sexual relationships and how they may mismatch. In particular, analyze and contrast the costs and benefits of promiscuity for males and females.
Textbook Reference: Diverse Relationship Styles Have Evolved, pp. 44–48
7. Lay out the mechanics of kin selection theory and inclusive fitness, and then show how it explains much—but not all—altruistic behavior.
Textbook Reference: Sometimes, Helping Relatives Reproduce Is a Good Strategy, pp. 48–50
8. With special reference to bonobos, discuss the evolution and possible functions of nonreproductive sex.
Textbook Reference: Sex May Acquire Other Functions Beyond Reproduction, pp. 50–53
